Tuesday, February 9, 2021

Chedorlaomer might be Gilgamesh?


The tentative case for Gilgamesh being the Kedorlaomer of Genesis 14.

Chedorlaomer/Kedorlaomer is one of the 4 kings who Abraham beats in Genesis 14 in the bible.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chedorlaomer
Gilgamesh/Izdubar is an ancient king of the 1st dynasty of Uruk in the Sumerian king list and the Epic of Gilgamesh.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gilgamesh

Firstly we will consider Gilgamesh.

Gilgamesh's name has these possible different readings/renderings:
Gishbilgames/Gishgimash/Gilgamesh/Bilgames/Thilgamos
/ Izzaxgamesh
/ Gisdhubar/Ghizdubar/Isdhubhar/Izdubar/Izzubarili
/ Namrudu/Anamarutu/Numarad/Namrasit.

If Gilgamesh is mentioned anywhere in the bible then the candidate matches for Gilgamesh in the bible are:
Lamech? Ham? Shem (via Shamash)? Gomer (r/sh interchange)? Elam? Girgashite? Nimrod? Kedorlaomer? Isaac? James/Jacob?

The best candidate is Kedorlaomer.

Secondly we consider Kedorlaomer.

Kedorlaomer was king of Elam.
Elam is suggested to mean either "age, eternity" or "to ascend, highlands" or "house of strife" or "house of seats".
Candidates for Elam in ancient near east history are:
Haltamti (Elam)? Elamtu (Elam)? Elymais? Hilmu? Iran (r/l & n/m interchange)? UruEgalmes/Ekallatum (on left of the Euphrates in Syria)? Dilmun/Dilman? Meslam? Eanna? Ebla? Ahlamu (Aramean)? Gilgames (minus the 2 Gs and -es)?

The name Kedorlaomer/Chedorlaomer is variously spelt/spelled Kedorlaomer/Chedorloamer/Chodorlaomer/Chodollogomor / Kedarela'omer/Kedarla'omer/keder'leiemer/Kedarelagomer.

We searched all the kinglists of the ancient near east area (including Syria, Iraq, Iran) and we found very few possible matches for the 4 kings of Genesis 14.
(Though a difficulty is that Sumerian names have a number of possible renderings eg Gilgamesh/Izdubar/Namrasit, Shamugin/Shulgi/Dungi, etc.)

These are the only main candidate matches for Gilgamesh that we found in the Near East king lists etc:

The Elamite who had dethroned Gilgamesh's father?
Gilgames/Izdubar (Uruk 1 dyn)?
Enkidu/Eabani (Uruk 1 dyn)?
Utulkalamma (Uruk 1 dyn, same number of years)?
Uruash-khad/Uruash-khud/Urnina/Urnanshe (Lagash 1 dyn)?
Lakhmadgal(gut) (Urnina plaque, Lagash 1 dyn)?
Urusag-khaddu/Urusag-khaddi (Kish, Sumer inscriptions)?
Lamgi-mari (Mari)?
Shudurul/Shuturul (Akkad dyn)?
Kudurlagamar(u)/Kudur-lagamar(i) / Kutir-lakamar/Kutir-lagamar/Kuder-lagamar / Kudur-lugkgamar/Kudur-nuchgamar / Kudur-ku-k(k)umal / Kudu_ulu_ / _ul_i- kudur of Awan/Susa?
('Kedorlaomer texts' of Pinches? Spartoli tablets?)
Kuder-Lagomer of Elam (tablet from Hammurabi)?
The unnamed king of Awan 2580?
Unknown king of Kuti 2550?
The unnamed king of Der 2350/2006/819 bc?
Unnamed king of Marnasi 2325/2080?
The unnamed prince/king of Zakhara 2315/2254?
The unnamed king of Anshan 2305/2041-2037/2017?
The unnamed king of Khukhnur 2100/2041/2017?
The unnamed king of Simashki 2100?
Unnamed king of Zabum 2064?
Unknown king of Zabshali 2024?
The unnamed king of Bashimi 1930?
Gayomart (Persian)?
Herakles/Hercules?
Laomedon (Trojan/Greek)?
(Horus) Normer/Narmer(za) (0/1st dyn of Egypt)?
Shudur-kip/Qa'a (1st dyn of Egypt, Waddell)?
Sheddad & Luqman (Arabian)?
Himyar (South Arabia)?

The best candidate match in name, place, date, etc is Gilgamesh.
We will now look at the possible details matches between Gilgames and Kedorlaomer.

Matches between Kedorlaomer of Abraham's time and Gilgamesh:

Names match?
Gilgamesh may be the original of Hercules. The names Kedorla(g)omer/Chedorlaomer and Gilgames/Izdubar (& Hercules) have in common:
Both start  with similar K/Ch- & G- (& H-).
Both end with -mer & -mes/bar (& -les).
Both have similar -l-(g)-m-r & -l-g-m-s.
Both have -do- & -du-.
Chedor- (& Izdu(bar)?) & Her- are similar?
Since Sumerian names have a number of possible renderings Kedorlaomer might be an intermediate blend/conflation of Izdubar & Gilgamesh?
Alternatively, possibly only the -la(g)omer matches Gilgamesh, and the Chedor "servant" (or priest? or lord?) is a prefixed title? Compare "lord Giszax"? Or the Chedor/Kudur/Kutir might be another name for him in one of the other cities king lists such as Uruash-khad of Lagash?
(The name of Gilgamesh's 2nd successor Utulkalamma is also similar to Kedorlaomer, though it is not likely to match.)

Meanings match? &/or servant/priest match?
Kedorlaomer is suggested to mean either "handful of sheaves" or kudur/kutir lagamar "servant of goddess Lagamar" or al ahmar/himyar "the red" or kudurru "boundary stone" or "firstborn son".
Gilgamesh is suggested to mean either "lord of oxen" or "the ancestor/elder is a young-man" or "difficulty". Bil/Bel- means "lord/master". Mash/Masu/Bar means "hero".
Gilgamesh is said to mean or Gilgamesh is said to have been (called) "the fire priest" or "the buffalo (fire) priest" or a high priest.

Elam match:
Kedorlaomer was king of Elam.
Gilgamesh has a number of connections with Elam:
His father was dethroned/overthrown by a king of Elam who then ruled Uruk.
"Then Izdubar slew the Elamite who had dethroned his father, and put the royal diadem on his own head."
Gilgamesh himself has been suggested to be an Elamite or Kassite (or foreign usurper/tyrannt).
Gilgames fought Humbaba who was "either Syrian or Anatolian or Elamite".
Gilgamesh had a "bow of Anshan".
Gilgamesh went to Dilmun/Dilman which minus the D- is similar to Elam?
Enmebaragesi who made the land of Elam submit was a contemporary of Gilgamesh's father/predecessor Dumuzi, and a source says he fought Gilgamesh, and his son/successor Ag(g)a/Aka/Sha-gin/Sha-kin/Sha-gur was a contemporary of Gilgamesh.
The name Gilgamesh minus the 2 Gs and minus the -esh is similar to Elam.
[The name Egalmes/Ekallatum is similar to both Elam & Gilgames?]

Hobah match:
Gilgamesh fought Humbaba/Huwawa who was "either Syrian or Anatolian or Elamite". He was also lord of Kubabba/Kulaba/Zirabba.
Abraham beat Kedorlaomer at Hobah north of Damascus (Syria).

End of longevity match:
Gilgamesh comes at the end of extreme longevity in the Sumerian king list.
Abraham comes at the end of longevity in Genesis 11.

Arioch match:
There is one theory that the 4 kings of Genesis 14 may be 4 names of 1 king. In this scenario Arioch has been suggested to derive from Uru_ki "(in charge of) this place here". Arioch/Uru_ki might match Uruk/Erech which city Gilgamesh was king of?

Famine match:
The 7 yrs famine in the Bull of Heaven section of the Gilgamesh/Izdubar & Ishtar chapter of the Epic of Gilgamesh might match the famine of either Abraham or Isaac or Joseph?

Similar overlordship?
The 4 kings & 5 kings were under Kedorlaomer's overlordship for 14 years.
Gilgamesh was "a brutal & oppressive ruler".

Sodomy match?
Chedorlaomer came against the king of Sodom.
Gilgamesh "sexually oppresses all his subjects"?

Early in history match:
Abraham the contemporary of Kedorlaomer is early in overall biblical history. He is in the 1st book of the bible. He is the 10th generation after the Flood. He is only 290/350/420 yrs after the Flood in the Massoretic text. He is at the end of longevity.
Gilgamesh is the 5th king of the 2nd city after the Flood in the Sumerian king list. He was supposedly a contemporary of the 22nd & 23rd king of the 1st dynasty after the Flood. He visited Ziusudra/Utnapishtim the Sumerian/Akkadian equivalent of Noah. "Gligmos/Gmigmos/Gamigos was the last of a line of 12 kings who were contemporaries of the patriarchs."

Abraham match?
Kedorlaomer: He was a king of Elam who was beaten in a battle by Abraham.
Gilgamesh: Enme-baragesi/baraginma who made the land of Elam submit was a contemporary of Gilgamesh's father/predecessor Dumuzi, and one source says Enme-baragesi fought Gilgamesh, and Gilgamesh was a contemporary of Enme-baragesi's son/successor Ag(g)a/Aka/Sha-gin/Sha-kin/Sha-gur.
Enme-baragima & Abraham are both similar (similar abr-a-(h)-m & bar-a-(g)-m names, both beat Elam, both fought similar king Kedorlaomer/Gilgames).
And/or, Gilgamesh also fought Humbaba. Humbaba & Abraham are maybe similar?

Abraham & Chedorlaomer contemporaries match?
Abraham: Abraham was a contemporary of Kedorlaomer the king of Elam.
Gilgamesh: Enme-baragesi/baraginma who made the land of Elam submit was a contemporary of Gilgamesh's father/predecessor, and a source also says he fought Gilgamesh, and his son/successor Ag(g)a/Aka/Sha-gin/Sha-kin/Sha-gur was a contemporary of Gilgamesh. (Enme-baraginma is similar to Abraham.)
Theodore bar Konai in 600 ad mentions a king Gligmos/Gmigmos/Gamigos who was the last of a line of 12 kings who were contemporaries of the patriarchs from Peleg to Abraham (making Gilgamesh contemporary with Abraham).

Same names mentioned in both sources:
The Epic of Gilgamesh 'the fall of Erech' mentions Elam, Goim, Larsa, Shem, Rim-sin (Eriaku), Humbaba (ref 'Babylonian and Assyrian Literature').
Genesis 14 mentions Elam, Goiim, Ellasar, Melchizedek (Shem), Arioch, Hobah.

We still have to find the other 3 kings Amraphel of Shinar, Arioch of Ellasar and Tidal of Goiim/Nations to confirm this match of Chedorlaomer with Gilgamesh.

Friday, February 5, 2021

Amarna period & Bible part 1

 This is a list of the main rulers in the Amarna letters (late 18th dynasty of ancient Egypt), though we haven't read all the letters and there may be more in the texts of the letters.
Conventional chronology places Amarna between Joseph and Moses in the bible, but this is too early because the conventional Egyptian chronology is too long/old (and bible too short)..
It is agreed that the letters don't match the time of Joshua because the names of rulers are different.
Rohl's placement in the time of David is probably right, and this period does have the most names similarities, but there are still hardly any exact matches and there are maybe some possible different rulers names (eg see Hiram of Tyre).
Velikovsky's placement in the times of Jehoshaphat & Ahab seems very doubtful.
One scholar bizarrely has Amarna in the times of Abraham which is way too early and has no rulers names matches.

(Place, ruler)
Ahtiasna/A(h)tirumna, king Zurasar/Surasar
Akka/Acco/Acre, king Satatna/Zatatna/Zitatna
Acco, Shutatna (son of Sharatum) of.
Akka/Acco/Acre, king Surata/Zurata/Saratum of.
Akshapa/Aksapa/Achshaph, Endaruta/Intaruda of
Alashiya/"Cyprus", king/minister of
Ammia/Ammiya/Amioun, king/prince of
Amurra/Amurru, prince/king Aziru/Aziri/Azaru
Amurru, king Abdiashirta
Aramean, army commander Lupakku.
Arasni, ruler Miya/Maia
Ardata/(E)ldata, king of
Arzawa, king Tarhundaraba
Asqaluna/Asqalon/Ashkelon, king Yidya/Yidia/Widia/Vidia
Assyria, king Ashur-uballit I
Astartu/Tell-Ashtara, mayor Ayyab/Aiab
Astartu, Biridaswa
Barga, king of
Basan/Bashan, Amawase/Amajase
Betsani, a garrison in.
Biruta/Beruta/Beirut (Lebanon), king Ammunira/Hamuniri
Biruta, Yapah/Yapahadda/Iapahaddi
Bit-tenni, Balu-mir
Busruna, king of
Carchemish, king Aplabanda
Damascus, mayor Biryawaza/Namiawaza
Danuna ("Cilicia?") king of
"Dan, Addu of"?
Dumuia, Addudani/Addadanu
Enisasi, 'Abdirisa
Enisasi/..., Satiya/Satija of
Gaza, king Iahtiri/Yahtiru
Gazri, territory/soldiers/people of.
Gazru/Gezer, mayor Addadanu/Addudani/Addu of Dan.
Gezer, mayor Milkilu/Milkili
Gazru, Ilimilku
Gazru, mayor Yapahu/Iapah(i)
Gazru, dIshkurdikud.
Gezer, leader Tagi
Ginti(kirmil), mayor Tagi
Ginti(-kirmil), the land/people/soldiers of.
Gubbu, prince
Gubla/Byblos (Lebanon), lady of
Gubal/Byblus, king Ribaddi/Rib-haddi/Ribhadda/(Rib-)Adda of.
Gubla, man
Gubla, Ummahnu & Ishkuru her husband the servant of Baalat of.
Guddasuna, king Jamiuta/Yamiuta
Heaven, Ishtar the Lady of.
Halunnu, king of
Hasi/Hazi, king Majarzana/Mayarzana of.
Hasi/Hazi, Ildaja/Ildayyi of.
Hasura/Hasuru/Hazor, king 'Abdiirsi/'Abditirsi
Hasabu, Bieri of.
Hatti/Hittites, king Sapalulme/Supilili/Suppiluliumas/Saprer/Sapalili I.
Hatti, prince Zi(k)ar.
Hazati/Azzati, deputy Addaia in.
Irqata, peoples
Irqata/Arqa, mayor Aduna
Inamta, Two men of.
Kardunias/Babylon, king Burnaburiash II
Kardunias/Babylon, king (Kad)ashmanenlil I
Kassu/Kassites, king of.
Kilti, city/people/soldiers of.
Kumidu/Kumidi/Kamedallawz, magnate Arassa/Ara(ha)ttu
Lakisa/Lachish town, mayor Siptiba'lu.
Lakisa/La(chish), mayor/king/gov Zimredda/Zimridi/(Z)imrid(a) of.
Lakis, mayor Iabniilu
Lapana, Teuwatti of
Magidda/Makida/Megiddo, king Biridiya/Biridija
Megiddo, king Ja(sd)ata
Mitanni/Hanigalbat/Naharin/Nah(ri)ma/Narima, king Tushratta
Mitanni, king Shuttarna
Mizri/Egypt, pharaoh/sar/king Naphuriya/Huriya/A4/Akhenaten of
Mizri/Miisri/Egypt, Nimmuriya/Amenhotep III
Mizri, minister
Mizri, official
Mizri, queen
Mizri, dignitary Hai/Haia/Haya the son of Miare.
Muhrastu, Yaptihhadda
Musihuna, Suttarna
Naziba, ruler/prince of
Nii, Akitessup
Nuhassa/Nuhasse, king Addunirari
Nineveh, Ishtar of.
"Northern Palestine", 'Abdina/Abdi-na-...
Pakku, man Lupakku "man of Pakku"?
"Palestine", kings
"Palestine", Ba'lumehir/Balumihir
"Palestine", Ba'luursag
"Palestine", Dasru
"Palestine", Hiziru/Hiziri (, king of?)
"Palestine", Sub-andu.
Pihilu/Pella, pr/k Mutbahli/Mutbahlu(m)/Mutbalu/Mutbaal "man of Baal".
Qanu/Qanawat, ruler/prince of.
Qatna/Katna/"Hamath", king/governor Akizzi
Qidsu/Qadesh/Kadesh, mayor Etakkama/Aitagama
Qiltu, 'Abdiastarti
Qiltu? or Gath? king Suwardata
Rehob, Ba'luursag
Ruhiza/Ruhizzi/Ruhisu, king Arsawuya/Arzawaija
Siduna/Sidon/Zidon (Lebanon), mayor/king Zimriddi/Zimredda
Sakmu/Shechem/Samaria, commander Labaya/Labayu/Labaja "great lion (of God)" of.
Samhuna, Samuadda/Sumadda/Sumadd/Sumuhadi/Sum... of.
Saruna, Rusmanya/Rusimania
Sashimi, 'Abdimilki of
Silu/Sile/Tjaru, Turbazu
Siribasani/Ziribasani, Artamanya/Artemanja
Sumur, Pahamnata the officer of the king in.
Surru/Tyre, king Abimilku/Abimilki
Surru/Tyre, Shalmaiati/Mayaati of.
"Syria", Bayadi/Bajadi
"Syria", Bayawa/Baiawa
"Syria", Dagantakala
"Syria", Kurtuya
"Syria", Paduzana/Baduzana
"Syria", Tehutessup
Seeri, lands of
Sehlal, troops of.
Taanach, king Rewassa
Tubu/Tob, ruler of
Tunanab, king of
Tunip, peoples
Tusultu town, Amanhatpe
Ugarit, king Asukwari
Ugarit, Ammistamru/Ammittamru I
Ugarit, king Niqmadda/Niqmaddu II
Ugarit, king (M)istu
Ugarit, queen ...hepa
Urusalem/Uruurusalaamki/Jerusalem, k/pr Abdiheba/Arthahepa/Aradhepa/Putihiba/Ebedtov.
Yursa/Jursa, king Puba'lu
Zinzar/Shaizar, king of.
Zuhra/(Z)uhr(u), ...dih of.
(?) (Z)unu, Nukurtuwa of.

chief
city Bet-Ninib,
governor Pamahu.
gate of Zilft/Zilu .
lord
mistress B(i)...
princess
people of Kash
servant
sons of Labaya
the southern castle Pr H'wt.
the territory of Sheri.
widow Tiye

Adduursag
A(h)...
Ahutabu (person)
Amanappa
Ambi
Azzu (a "him").
asiru (a gift/amount sent).
Burkuna
Ba-Aluia
Battiilu
Balumme
Benemina (person)
Bisitanu
Bet-arha/Bit-arkha (place)
Dadua/Tadua (person)
Dijate
Dudu
Ebi
En(g)u(t)a
Ewirishar
Habiru/'Apiru (people/persons)
Hibija
Iahazibada/A(h)...
Iama
(Ianha)m(u)/Yanhamu (a "him").
Ilirabih
Ipteh
Ijazati (persons/people).
Kapasi (place)
Kashi (people).
Makkedah
Milkilu/Milki-lim/Ilimilku (person).
Nahrima (place)
Pahanate
Plsy
Pabi/Pabu (a "he").
(Qat)ihutisupa
Rapi-el (a "he").
Sabiilu
Shunama
Shuardatu (person)
Sipturi
Sumura/Sumurri (place)
Sealants (place)
Sigata
Shipti-Ba'al (person)
Turbazu (person).
Tell el-Hesi (place).
Uzu (place)
Yarimutta (place).
Wik(tazu)
Yishuya/Yishaya (person)
Yapa-Adda/Iaptih-Adda (person).
Yarami (person?)  
Zi...
Zisami(mi)
Zitrijara

Arzaia/Arzaya's sons.
Amelut Sagaz Mesh (people of rebel Mesh)
Amurru son of Aziri
Ajalon, the fields of.
Baalatnese "mistress of lions, lion woman"
Hinnatuna/Hannathon/Hinnatuni of/in Kinahhi, the city of.
Iarimuta, land of
Pauru/Puuru the king's officer.
Rubute/Rubuda, the city/territory of.
Shumadda, son of Balumme.
Shuta, the officer of the king.
(Sa) Gaz - warriors/people.
Tagi's sons.
Tatuhepa (daughter/princess, wife/queen).

Below is a list of possibly similar Amarna letters & Biblical names which we will be going into more details in part 2. The second large section are all in the time of the United Monarchy of Saul, David & Solomon, the first small section is the only few similarities in other earlier biblical times.

(Biblical name: 18th dynasty Amarna letters/period or Heretic kings period name)

Jebus: Abdiheba?
Moses: rebel Mesh?
Jarmuth: Iarimuta?
Shiloh (Joshua to Samuel): Sehlal?
Bethel: Battiilu?
Caleb: dog?
Othniel "lion": Labaya?
Abimelech: Abdimilki of Sashimi? Abimilku?
Samson: Labaya?

Abibalus: Abimilki?
Saul: Sehlal? Surata? Suwardata? Ashuruballit? Shuttarna? Suppiluliuma? Balu-ur-sag? Tusultu? Silu? Tushratta?  Saruna? Labaya?
Ishbosheth/Ishbaal "man of Baal": Mutbaal "man of Baal"?
Jonathan: Hinnatuna?
Nahash: Nuhasse?
Jesse/Ishai: Yishuya/Yishaya?
Dodo: Dudu?
David: Addaia? Dudu? Dijate? Widia? Tagi? Teuwatti? Tut? Tushratta? Adduursag? Dadua/Tadua? Ay? dIshkurdikud? Labaya (via Lion of Judah)?
Achish/Abimelech: Akizzi of Qatna? Akitessup? Abdimilki of Sashimi? Abimilku? Shuwardata "the sun god has given" (via Akishimige "the sun god has given")?
Ziklag: Zikar? Sigata?
Rehob: Rehob?
Hadadezer: Aziru? Abdiashirta? Hiziri?
Shobach "he of Pakku": Lupakku "man of Pakku"?
Tou/Toi/Tob: Tubu/Tob? Ebdetov?
Zobah: Tubu/Tob?
Jehoiada: Iahazibada/A(h)...?
Joab/Yoav: Ayyab/Aiab?
Hebron: Habiru?
Uriah: Huriya? Biridiya? Burnaburiash? Biryawaza? Vidia?
Bathsheba: Abdiheba? queen ...hepa? Balatnese?
Hiram/Huram: Ammunira? Huriya? Horemhab? Piramses?
Cherethites/Kreti: Ugarit?
Nathan: Akhenaten? Hinnatuna? Aten? Nakhtpaaten?
Adonijah: Aduna? Addudani?
Solomon: Suppiluliuma? Labaya (via lion throne)? Shalmaiati? Shulmani?
Jedidiah: Addaia?
Sheba: Abdiheba? queen ...hepa?
Shulammite: Shunem?
Rose of Sharon: Saruna?
Agur-ben-Jakeh: Akhu-en-aten?
Rehoboam: Rehob?

--------


David "beloved, dear" has been related to Jedidiah "beloved of Jah" and Dido and Dodo "beloved, loving" and to (Ben-)Hadad/Adad/Addu/Dadda/Dadi/Dada "thunderer, brave" (or Hadar/Adar "enclosure") and Bedad and dadu "dear little child" and dad/daddy "father"?

Addaia in the Amarna letters is a similar name to Hadad/Adad/Addu/Dadda/Dadi/Dada which has been linked with David (ref Sayce).
David was at Gath. Addaia was at Hazati/Azzati/Gaza (letter 289).

Dudu of the Amarna letters is a similar name to Dodo and to David (both having d u/v d in common).
David beat Hadadezer/Hadarezer. Dudu was lord/father and Aziri was son/servant in Amarna letter 158.

Dadua of the Amarna letters has a similar name to David and Hadad/Dadda.
Dadua & Yishuya & Ayyab in Amarna letter 256 may match David and Jesse/Ishai and Joab/Yoav.
Rohl associates the sons of Labaya in Amarna letter 250 with Mutbaal/Ishbaal/Ishbosheth (son of Saul) & Dadua/David (son in law of Saul), though I haven't yet read the letter and am not sure the letter actually says Mutbaal and Dadua are the sons of Labaya?

Vidia/Widia/Yidya in the Amarna letters is a similar name to the sceond half of David or David without the D-.
Vidia wrote from Ashkelon (EA 320, 326). David was at Gath.

David may be indirectly connected with dad/daddy "father" via Hadad/Adad/Dadda?
Ay's name is similar to the name David without the 2 Ds, and his name Itjnetjer means "(holy) father, father (of god)"?
David married widow Bathsheba after the murder of Uriah the Hittite. Ay is thought to have married widow Ankh-esenpa-aten/Ankh-esen-amen after the death of Tut (Huriya?) and murder of the Hittite Zannanza.

Labaya "great lion (of God)" of the Amarna letters might be connected with David of Judah via the lion of Judah?

Achish/Akish/Abimelech son of Maoch/Maacah king of Gath (Gittite) & Ziglag (Philistines) of the bible might match Akizzi governor/king of Katna/Qatna/"Hamath" of the Amarna letters?
Akish/Achish and Akizzi are similar names.
Katna/Qatna/"Hamath" is similar to Gath/Gittite and/or Gaza.
Maacah and Hamath are both in Aram/Syria.

Agur-ben-Jakeh of Proverbs 30 in David's/Solomon's time might match Akh-en-aten/Khu-n-aton of Amarna of the 18th dynasty of Egypt.
Hebrew g can match Egyptian kh as seen in Negev/Negeb and Nekhab, (and possibly gopher and khepri? and possibly Agag and Akhekh/Apepi? etc.)
The 'Ha Massa' that comes after Agur-ben-Jakeh might relate to Akhenaten's name Ankhemmaat or to Amarna??

-----

Some other examples of maybe similar names: (Fuller lists to come in part two.)


Abdi-ashirta (EA 62-65, 71, 73-76, 79, 81, 83, 85, 88, 90-92, 95, 101, 109, 117, 125, 127, 132, 138) : Hadadezer?
As(h)tartu (EA 196-197, 256, 364) : Tell-Ashtara? Ashtaroth? Asahel? Ishbosheth/Ishbaal? Ashkelon? Israel? Hadadezer?
Abi-milku (EA 146-155, 184) : Abimelech/Achish? Abibalus?
Abdi-milki of Sashimi (EA 203) : Abimelech/Akish?
Abdi-kheba (EA 285, 290) : Jebus? Bathsheba? Sheba? Adonibezek?
Akizzi (EA 52-57) : Achish/Akish?
Aki-tessup (EA 59) : Achish/Abimelech?
Aziru of/from Amurru (EA 114, 117, 124-125, 158, 161, 164, 167, 169, 171) : Hadadezer?
Aiab/Ayyab/Ayaab "who is the father" (EA 256, 364) : Joab/Yoav (compare Job/Ayyub)? Job/Ayyub?
Addaia (EA 285, 287, 289) : David? Hadad? Jedidiah?
Addandanu/Addudani (EA 292-295) : Adonijah? Hadad? David?
Aduna (EA 75, 140) : Adonijah? Abdon?
Addu-ur-sag (EA 250) : David? Adonijah? Hadad?
A(h)... (EA 217, 2110?) : Jehoiada?
Azzati (EA 285, 287, 289) : Gaza? Gath? the Hittite?
Asqaluna "Ashkelon"
Araru (EA 256) : Aroer?
Aduru (EA 256) : Adullam? Hazzurim? Endor?
Amurru "Amorites" (Syria-Palestine)
Ambi (EA 76) : Moab?
Ammia (EA 73) : Ammon/Ammi? people (Israel)? yam "sea"?
(Amel(ut)) (sa)gaz (Mesh) (EA 68, 73, 74, 76, 79, 83, 88, 91? 274) : Hebrews (people of Moses)?
'Apiru (EA 184, 288)
Aksapa "Achshaph"
Ba-aluia (EA 170) : Ba'anah?
Ben-elima/Ben-enima (EA 256) : Benaiah? Ba'anah (son of Anu?) grandson of Eli? Benjaminite?
Battiilu (EA 170) : Beth-el?
Balat-nese "mistress of lions, lion woman" (EA 274, 3210) : Bathsheba? wife of Saul?
Balu-ur-sag (EA 249-250) : Saul? Ishbaal?
Dadua (EA 256) : David? Dodo? Hadad?
Dudu (EA 158, 164) : David? Dodo? Hadad?
Dumuia: Edom?
Damacus (EA 88) : Damascus/Aram/Syria
Dijate (EA 193) : David? Ziklag? Doeg?
Dog (EA 71, 109) : Goliath? Caleb "dog"?
d-Ishkur-dikud: David? Ishbosheth?
Drought (EA 85)
Ebed-tov/Abdi-heba (EA 285 290) : Toi/Tob? Obed-edom?
Famine (EA 74, 79, 83, 85-86, 90-91)
Garu (EA 256) : Ugarit? Golan Gazru/Gezer Kharu/Akharru/Agaru (Horite, Syria-Palestine)? Galilee? Geshur/Gashuru? Gilead? Gerrhon? Gerar? Jair?
Gazru (EA 266, 271, 286, 292-295, 297-300, 378) : Gezer? Gaza? Gath?
Gubla "Byblos" (EA 85, 88, 101, 124, 138) : Byblos? Gibeon?
Habiru (EA 288) : Hebrews? Hebron? Ephraim?
Hazati (EA 285, 287, 289) : Gaza? Gath?
Huriya (EA 41) : Uriah? Pharaoh? Huram/Hiram?
Hiziri (EA 336-337) : Hadadezer?
Hinnatuna: Jonathan? Nathan? Tel Hanaton?
Hayyanu (EA 256) : Ajalon? Ai? Zion?
Hazuru/Hasuru/Khasru/Hasura/Hatsura (EA 184, 364) : Hazor? Hazzurim?
Haaya/Haya (EA 255, Ayyab?) : Joab? Ay?
Iarimuta (EA 74-75, 85-86, 105, 114) : Jarmuth? Ramoth? Aram? Jordan/Yarden?
Iahazibada (EA 275-276, 2110?) : Jehoiada?
(La)b'ayu "great lion (of God)" of Sakmu/Shechem (commander of the Samaria region, attacking Megiddo in Jazreel valley, slain/killed at Gilboa, "father" of Mutbaal, sons of Labaya, EA 252-255, 1001, 2110?) : Saul ("great lion of Yhwh", fought in Jazreel valley, his men / personal guard as lebaim' "lions", killed at Gilboa, 1st king, ...)? David (slew lion, lion of Judah)? Lemuel? Samson (slew lion, sun)? Solomon (lion throne)? Othniel ("lion")?
Lu-pakku "man of Pakku": Shobach "he of Pakku".
Lakisa "Lachish"
Mut-baal "man of Baal" (EA 255, 256, 3200) : Mephibosheth/Meribbosheth? Ishbosheth "man of Baal"?
Mankhatu: Manahath
Magdalu (EA 256): Migdol/Magdalen/Magdala? Megiddo? Midian?
Makida/Magidda (EA 243-244, 246-248) : Megiddo
Makkedah: Migdol/Magdalen/Magdala? Megiddo? Maacah?
Misri (EA 14,137): Mizraim (Egypt).
Naphuriya: Uriah? Napkhres? Pharaoh?
Nuhasse (EA 51) : Nahash?
Qatna (EA 52-57) : Gath? Gaza? Hamath?
Queen ...hepa (EA 48) : Bathsheba? Queen of Sheba?
Qades(h) (EA 189, 190) : Quds (Jerusalem)?
Pihilu (EA 255-256, 3200): Pella? Philistia?
Plague (EA 96)
Rubuda/Rubute (EA 289) : Rabbah? Rehob?
Rehob: Rehob? Rabbah? Rehoboam? Beth-Rehob?
(Sa)gaz (mesh) (EA 68? 79, 83, 88, 91, 274) : Moses? Gaza/Gath?
S(h)uwardata "sun god has given" (EA 284, 290) : Saul (Israel)? Shaul (Edom)? Akish (via Aki-simegi "sun god has given")?
Sulum-marduk "well-being of Marduk/Bel" (EA 256) : Saul? Shaul? king of Jerusalem/Salem?
Surru (EA 146-155) : Tyre?
Siduna (EA 144-145, 155) : Sidon/Zidon?
Shunama: Shunem? Shulamite? Salem/Jerusalem? Solomon?
Sehlal (troops of, EA 62) : Shiloh? Saul?
Shalmaiati (EA 147, 149, 155) : Solomon? Jerusalem? Hiram?
Shulmani: Solomon? Shulamite? Salem?
Sakmu (EA 252-254, 2500) : Shechem?
Saruna (EA 241) : Rose of Sharon? Saul?
Sigata (EA 76) : Ziklag? Succoth?
Silu (EA 288) : Shiloh? Saul?
Sarqu (EA 256, Sarku light race?) : Saruhen?? Saracen "east"? Shiloh? Seir? Sharon Shiloh?
Seeri (EA 288) : Seir? Syria? Israel?
Sons of Labaya: sons of Saul? sons of David?
Tagi (EA 264-266, 1001) : Toi/Tob? Doeg? David?
Tehuteshub (Du-Teshub? EA 58) : Toi?
Tianna: Zion?
Tubu/Tob (EA 205) : Zobah? Tob/Toi?
Tadua (EA 256) : David?
Teuwatti (EA 193) : Toi/Tob? David?
Uru-salim (EA 285, 287, 289, 290) : Jerusalem?
Ugarit (EA 45, 47, 48, 49, 98, 4000): Kreti/Cherethites? Goliath/Jalut?
Udumu (EA 256) : Edom or Aram? or Sodom?
Vidia/Widia/Yidya (EA 326) : David? Uriah?
Yis(h)uya/Yishaya "man of Yah" (EA 256) : Ishvi/Ishbosheth "man of Baal"? Jesse/Yishai/Ishai? Abishai?
Yabiluma (EA 256) : Hebron?
Zikar (EA 44) : Ziklag?


Persons:
Addaya/Addaia: David? Hadad?
Ahutabu: Ahithophel? Ahitub?
Aduna: Adonijah? Abdon?
Adda-danu: Adonijah? David?
Abi-milku: Abimelech/Akish? Abibaal? Ahimelech?
Abdi-milki: Abimelech?
Abdi-ashirta: Hadadezer?
Ammunira: Hiram? Amnon?
Akizzi: Akish/Achish?
Aki-tessup: Toi? Akish?
Akhenaten: Agur ben Jakeh? Genubath?
Aziru: Hadadezer? Hazael?
Ayyab: Joab? Job?
Ay/Aya: David?
Assur-uballit: Saul?
Asalu: Saul? Asahel?
Artatama: Cushan-rishathaim?
Artasumara/Artasuwara: Cushan-rishathaim?
Abdiheba: Adonibezek? Jebus? Bathsheba? Sheba?
Burnaburias/Burariyas: Uriah?
Biryawaza: Uriah? Hiram?
Ben-elima: Benaiah?
Balu-ur-sag: Saul? Ishbaal? Jerusalem? Benhadad? Hadadezer?
Duppi-tessup: Zobah? Toi?
Huriya: Uriah?
(...h)epa: Bathsheba? Sheba?
Hiziru: Hadadezer?
Haya: Joab?
Ilumilku: Elimelech?
Keluheba/Giluhepa: Sheba? Bathsheba?
Lupakku (general) : Shopach?
Labayu: Saul? David? Solomon? Samson? Othniel? Lemuel?
Mutbaal: Mephibosheth?
Milkilu: Abimelech?
(mYabni)idim/mIaab(ni...) mayor of Sidon: Joab? Jabin?
Naphuriya: Pharaoh?
Neri: Ner? Abner?
Suwardata: Saul? Shaul? Akish?
Suttarna: Chushan-rishathaim?
Suppiluliumas: Solomon? Saul?
Sulum-marduk: Saul? Shaul?
Sipti-bala: Jehoshaphat?
Tagi: Toi? David?
Tadua: David? Hadad?
Taduhepa: Bathsheba? Sheba?
Yabni-ilu: Jabin? Joab?
Yahzib-adda: Jehoiada?
Yidya/Idiya: David?
Yattin-hadda: Hadaezer?
Yasuya: Joshua? Jesse? Abishai? Ishbaal/Ishvi?
Zimr-edda: Zimri?

Places:
Aksapa: Achshaph?
Akka: Acco?
Amurru: Amorite?
Azzatu: Gaza?
Ayyaluna: Ajalon?
Astartu: Ashtaroth?
Assur: Assyria/Asshur?
Asqaluna: Ashkelon?
Arwada: Arvad? Arad? Arpad?
Araru: Aroer?
Burusilim: Jerusalem?
Dimasqu/Dumasqu: Damascus?
Gazru: Gezer? Gaza? Gath?
Gubla: Byblos? Gibeon?
Hinnatuna: Hannathon? Jonathan? Nathan?
Hurri: Uriah? Horim/Horite? Ur? Horeb?
Hazzatu: Gaza?
Hasura: Hazor? Hazzurim?
Hatta: Hittites/Heth?
Kinahhi: Canaan?
Lapana: Laban?
Lakisa: Lachish?
Mitanni: Midian?
Magidda: Megiddo?
Magdalu: Migdol? Magdalene?
Nuhasse: Nahash?
Ni: Nob?
Pihilu: Pella? Philistia?
Qissa: Kish?
Qatna: Gath? Gaza?
Qades/Qidsu: Quds/Jerusalem?
Sunama: Shunem? Salem/Jerusalem?
Seru: Seir? Sharon?
Sehlal: Shiloh?
Sashimi: Shechem?
Saruna: Sharon?
Sanhar: Shinar?
Sakmu: Shechem?
Silu: Shiloh?
Tubu: Zobah? Tob/Toi?
Tusultu: Tyre?
Tianna: Zion?
Thebes: Thebez? Sheba? Tob?
Tahnaka: Taanach?
Udumu: Edom? Aram?
Ugarit(u): Goliath? Cherethites/Kreti?
Usu: Uz?
Urusalim: Jerusalem?
Upu/Apu: Joppa?
Yapu: Joppa?
Yabiluma: Hebron?

Peoples:
Ahlamu: Aram?
Habiru/Apiru: Hebrew? Hebron?
Sirdanu: Sidon?